Q: In your preface, you describe the influence your family
had on your food choices and interests. How did that tradition lead you to
write The Chesapeake Table?
A: It was the basic understanding of food, the enjoyment of
food, that came from my family. Having traveled internationally sparked other
discoveries. Having lived abroad and experienced places where local eating was
the norm, when I moved back to the D.C. area, those influences grained traction
at the same time. I started freelancing, and I had more time to explore these
things. This was back in 2001-2002.
Doing the book came about because it was 10 years later, and
I was involved in the local food and farming scene. I took a job outside that
arena, and I missed it. But also, I got a different perspective as I was trying
to do it while working a different job. Previously it had been part of my job.
I experienced integrating it into daily life. I was able to
do it because of my background, but I realized that it takes knowledge and
planning.
Doing the book gave me the excuse to keep my hand in, and I
could tell it would be useful. A lot of people are seeing where the importance
[of local food] is, when you're trying to get food and the national system is running
into problems. Now, a lot of people are trying to eat local. That’s the point
of the book—I want people to do it.
Q: You already had experience in this area, so did you need
to do much research to write the book? And what surprised you in the course of
your research?
A: I did have a lot of background experience, but a lot of
the research was to see what had changed since I first went into local food. I
had been going to farms myself, but knowing that people needed ways to access
local food, I went to different stories and was trying out delivery services.
Washington’s Green Grocer and 4P Foods have turned into the linchpin.
The idea is to strengthen this system and add flexibility in
this particular moment. They had been distributing to larger schools and
institutions, and they have had to figure out how to change the way they take
food in from the farmers and how to get the food out.
With the regional food distribution infrastructure, there’s
not enough of it—shared cold storage facilities, things like that. People can
be rigid—we know how to do [one procedure] but we’re not able to pivot. I hope
this leads to more flexibility.
Another part of the research that was really interesting was
the alcoholic beverage aspect—brewers, distilleries, cideries—learning
different brews but also understanding why the laws have to be changed. It took
longer for them to ramp up compared to food, because of the laws, which
promoted a national industrial [model]. Work is being done to break up how you
can sell alcohol.
Learning about Prohibition and its effects on the U.S.
beverage industry has been surprising. The really surprising thing is that the
U.S. wine industry’s roots were in Maryland. During Prohibition you could make
wine at home, and there was a guy in Baltimore who experimented with vines
during Prohibition and wrote a book about it. That was the basis for California
winemakers—he was the father of the American wine industry.
Q: What do you think are some of the most common perceptions
and misperceptions about the D.C. region's local foods?
A: Probably the most common is that it’s very expensive to
buy from local farmers or shop at farmers’ markets. That is a misperception.
There’s a difference in food value in buying local. If you’re used to Costco,
the prices are different—but not always.
If you know what’s in season where you live, you can
probably find peaches at a similar price at the farmer’s market and the store.
In July and August, watermelons are in the store. They probably are local.
Maryland’s Eastern Shore is a huge producer. You can still be eating local. I
choose not to buy out of season as much as I can.
Another misperception out there is what a farmer’s market
actually is. Amish markets have some farm-raised food, but not necessarily from
local farms. Sometimes there’s a lot of candy. It’s not what I meant by
“farmer’s market.” They all have their places; you just have to understand what
you’re buying.
Q: How does the D.C. area compare to other areas when it
comes to eating local?
A: We are fairly strong. Maybe we were a bit later to the
scene, but that gives you a chance to learn from other regions. The D.C. area
has an affluent, highly educated consumer base.
That’s where the perceptions [about the high prices] come
from, but the other side is that those people make it possible to sell to other
markets. For example, the Dupont Circle market makes it possible to sell in
other areas around D.C. and not worry as much.
We also have relative proximity to small farms. There’s not
a lot of commodity farming; it’s not like the Midwest. For the most part, it’s
smaller to mid-sized farming, the scale at which farmers can do direct to
consumers. And it’s a fairly temperate climate.
In New England, the local/regional food structure is
stronger, despite a smaller growing season. They’ve been doing it for longer,
and have built resilience around the food system. Smaller farmers are not
completely dependent [on the food system].
The job I’m in now, at Sustainable Agriculture and Food
Systems Funders, is based in Santa Barbara.
I’ve been going to farmers’ markets in the Pacific Northwest
and the West, which is a whole different experience as well. There’s a lot of
farming, and opportunities to hold markets with the milder weather. There’s
significant support to tie into the farm to school [market], and to food banks.
It’s amazing seeing avocados at farmers’ markets because they grow there!
Q: What do you see looking ahead when it comes to eating local?
A: The answer could have been very different [a few] months ago.
There are conversations going on in the sustainable agriculture movements now.
On one hand, the farmers and the restaurants that buy from small local farms,
people in the food system, have been hammered by the pandemic.
The silver lining is that it exposed a lot of the fractures
in our food system. People have been trying to deal with it for decades. Now
it’s front and center. I hope we can harness that awareness into building more
local food system resilience.
Hopefully some people will have good experiences with the
food they got [locally during this period] and will miss it, and realize their
eggs look different, or wonder why the peanut butter they buy doesn’t taste as
fresh. They might miss the personal touch of having food brought to them.
We’re hoping that the levels of participation to buy from
local farmers [will not decrease], that restaurants who source local will not
go back to the pre-pandemic [approach], and we can look at policy changes to
make it easier for people to go into those businesses.
Policies that work for larger organizations don’t apply. For
PPP loans, many small restaurants and farms may not have relationships with
banks [that would make it easy to apply]. The pandemic saw the biggest
foundations lead and the smaller ones right behind. These are changes people
have been asking about forever. Now, let’s not go back to the old ways.
Q: Are you working on another book?
A: I’m not. I did the first one because I missed being
involved with this world. Now that I’m working in it again, I think I’m doing
[what I can that] supports the growth of this sector I’m passionate about. I’m
happy to be supporting it. But 10 years from now, in retirement, who knows.
Q: Anything else we should know?
A: What’s really important is for people to learn as much as
they can about what’s available, what their own interests are, what their level
of interest in shopping is—and find ways into local food that are comfortable
for them. It doesn’t have to be all or nothing, but every little bit helps.
--Interview with Deborah Kalb
