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| Photo by Amy Ijams |
Anne Broyles is the author of the new young adult novel Words Spoken True, which is based on the story of a teenage Cherokee girl, Jane Bushyhead, who was part of the Trail of Tears. Broyles's other books include I'm Gonna Paint. She lives in Portland, Oregon.
Q: What inspired you to write
Words Spoken True, and how did you first learn about Jane Bushyhead?
A: I grew up proud of my
Cherokee heritage and thought it was very cool to have my blue Cherokee Nation
citizen card. When I began to write books for children and young adults I
wanted to share the story of the Cherokee Trail of Tears with contemporary
readers.
Sometime in the early 1990s I
traveled to our tribal headquarters in Tahlequah, Oklahoma, to search for a
real-life young person who survived the 1838 forced march. An encouraging
librarian at Oklahoma’s Northeastern State University’s Special Collections
brought me piles of books and files. I sat at a long table and spent hours
leafing through pages in search of my protagonist.
When I discovered Jane
Bushyhead’s March 1838 letter to a White school friend I knew she was the right
lens into my story. Jane was almost 14 years old, extremely articulate and
conscious of the events that were leading to the Indian Removal.
She wrote things like “If we
Cherokees are to be driven to the west by the cruel hand of oppression to seek
a new home in the west” and “It is thus all our rights are invaded.” I could
feel her pain at being separated from her friend and the dread that she might
be forced to leave her homeland. Jane was real to me right from the start.
Q: What did you see as the
right balance between history and fiction as you wrote the novel?
A: It's important to share
important historical information without giving "info dumps" that
take away from the fictional narrative. I tried to see everything from Jane
Bushyhead's point of view, to know only what she knew, overheard or discovered.
Because her father, Rev.
Jesse Bushyhead, was a well-known tribal leader and Baptist preacher, I had
numerous primary and secondary sources that informed me about his experience
before, during and after the Trail of Tears. All I had of Jane was the one
letter and the fact of her death six years after reaching the end of the Trail.
With her great-great-grandson's
permission and support I created a fictional representation of who Jane might
have been. In my back matter I am clear about who and what is historical fact
and what is imagined.
Historical fiction can be
tricky because even with diligent research there are bound to be mistakes.
Primary and secondary sources often don't agree and the author must choose what
version of history makes the most sense.
Even when there is an immense
amount of material available about an historical person or event, the author
must use their imagination to portray that person or event in details that make
sense and feel real to contemporary readers. That's always a challenge.
I relied on numerous readers
who are knowledgeable about the Cherokee Trail of Tears and took their comments
seriously as I revised. I strived to find the right balance of history and
fiction. And it is always my desire that readers of historical fiction will be
inspired to search out more of the real history of whatever era they have
discovered in novel form.
Q: How was the novel’s title
chosen, and what does it signify for you?
A: In Words Spoken True Jane Bushyhead
wants to be a teacher and is devastated when she has to leave school and return
home.
While incarcerated in a
prison camp with thousands of other Cherokees she begins to teach younger
children about Cherokee history and culture through storytelling, but when she
begins the 900-mile walk across the country in one of the coldest winters of
that century no one has time or energy for anything but survival.
By keeping a diary Jane sees
herself as the keeper of stories about the people on the Trail with her, both
those who survive and those who die. When she jumps into a river to save a
drowning child she loses the diary.
Here's some of the dialogue
between Jane and her father after the loss of her diary:
“I’d written down
everything,” I gasped through wobbling lips. “Months of my life, my poems,
everything.”
Papa gathered me close. His
scratchy coat smelled of campfire, sweat, and damp wool. I felt the big
bearishness of him and leaned into his solid strength.
“The worst is, I lost
everyone’s stories,” I told him.
Papa’s voice vibrated against
my cheek. “Stories aren’t beasts to be captured, Jane. The words in your diary
came from your strong heart and reside there still.”
“My words are important.”
“Without question.” Papa’s
strong hands tightened around my back. “As articulate as you are, I’m sure
those were important words, words spoken true,” he said. “But your words aren’t
lost.”
The title signifies the
moment when Jane feels her father's validation of her words and understands
that what she has learned from writing and speaking her truth matters in the
present moment and also the future.
Q: What impact did it have on
you to write this book, and what do you hope readers take away from it?
A: Even though I grew up
hearing about our tribe's forced removal from the homelands of the southeastern
United States, the extensive research I did for Words Spoken True taught me
much I hadn't known about the Trail of Tears. I am even more in awe of the
strength of our Cherokee ancestors and also angrier about the way the U.S.
government mistreated all indigenous people throughout history.
I hope readers will
appreciate the courage and resilience it took for the Cherokee people to endure
and survive the Trail of Tears. The descendants of those ancestors live and
thrive today both in northeastern Oklahoma where our tribal headquarters are and
around the world.
Most North American
indigenous nations endured hardships and forced removal and yet are today
strong and relevant in contemporary society and culture.
Q: What are you working on
now?
A: I am co-writing a humorous
younger middle grade series. It has been great fun to work with a colleague.
Neither of us had co-authored before but we found a method that worked for us.
Before we started writing we worked hard to know our characters and setting,
then took turns writing scenes. Next, we each edited the other's work in track
changes and the original writer could accept or reject changes.
Q: Anything else we should
know?
A: I have been a huge fan of
historical novels ever since I started reading.
I still have two of my
elementary school Scholastic Book Fair favorites, A Lantern in her Hand by Beth
Streeter Aldrich (first published in 1928) and Gertrude Finney's The Plums Hang
High (first published in 1955). So it was exciting to sign a contract with
Scholastic that included "Scholastic Book Fair" and "Scholastic
Book Club" provisions.
(I doubt these books would be
marketed toward elementary students now since they feature adult protagonists,
both women pioneers in the 19th century.)
I chose to write an
historical novel from the point of view of a protagonist more likely to be the
age of my readers. Jane Bushyhead was only 14 when she walked the Trail of
Tears, but teens in those days often shouldered adult responsibilities more
than today's teens do.
I gave Jane some things in
common with readers 12 and up (attachment to a best friend, experiencing first
love, resenting parental authority) so they could relate to her even though her
life experience on the Trail of Tears was very different from that of most
teens today.
--Interview with Deborah Kalb. Here's a previous Q&A with Anne Broyles.