Sid Groeneman is the author of the book America's Sports Fans and their Teams: Who Roots for Whom and Why. A retired survey research professional, he lives in Bethesda, Maryland.
Q: How did you come up with the idea for your book, and have
you always been a sports fan?
A: The book addresses questions that have always interested
me— why different people like different sports, and how people decide which
teams to root for.
I grew up in Toledo, Ohio, a medium-size city not large
enough to support a major league franchise, but pretty close to Detroit and
Cleveland, and also located in between Columbus and Ann Arbor.
So, from an early age, I was curious to know why some
Toledoans supported Detroit teams and others favored Cleveland teams. Similarly
for rooting for Ohio State University or the University of Michigan (my alma
mater).
Q: How did you research the book, and what did you learn
that particularly surprised you?
A: The book required two very different kinds of research:
(1) the standard type of literature review to incorporate what others who have
written about sports fans have said (or learned from data they’ve compiled);
(2) a national survey of 1,303 fans and 522 non-fans that I designed and
conducted to get much of the raw material for the book.
I also personally conducted 80 follow-up interviews by
telephone with selected survey respondents to get more in-depth information and
to be able to add “color” to the statistical findings from the survey.
Two things come to mind which surprised me, Deborah. First
is the diversity of reasons fans give for liking/following a particular team.
Second are the differences between baseball fans and fans of the three other
major professional team sports in the U.S.—football, basketball, and hockey.
When baseball fans were asked why they like baseball (or
their favorite team that plays baseball), they tend more than others to stress
growing up as a baseball fan and fond, nostalgic memories. Some cannot imagine
NOT being a fan of their favorite team because it’s become so ingrained, such
an integral part of their identity.
For fans liking football, basketball, or hockey best, there
is SOME of that type of answer expressed, but far less. Instead, they are much more
likely to stress enjoying watching the action on the field, court, or ice.
Basketball fans often mention specific players they like.
Hockey fans mention the roughness of the game more than other fans.
Q: Would you say most people are fans of the teams where
they grew up, or are there other factors that are more likely to influence
people?
A: Yes, “home team” or geographic proximity explains why
most fans pick a favorite team to pull for— either the team they grew up with
or the team they currently live closest to. But about one-quarter select a team
that satisfies neither of those conditions.
I suggest in the book that this might be changing, as
younger fans are more likely to choose a non-local team, which I speculate
might be due to their having greater facility with electronic and computer
technologies—which facilitates following non-local teams.
As for other or supplementary reasons expressed for
liking/following a favorite team, there were many, including family and social
reasons, liking a particular player/strategy/style, social pressures, sympathy
for underdogs, the team’s values, or even to start a rivalry or competition
with family member or friend.
Q: Did you notice any regional differences as far as sports
fandom goes?
A: Regional differences in sport preferences are not
prominent or quite predictable, e.g., hockey being more popular in the
Northeast and Midwest, baseball being less popular percentage-wise in the South
(probably because fewer teams there relative to the population), and college
football being least popular in the Northeast.
Age and race differentiate sports fans more; for example,
baseball fans are older than fans of pro football, basketball, and hockey.
African-Americans follow baseball less than others (possibly
due to the diminishing number of African-American role models in the Major
Leagues), but, are more likely to follow basketball and, surprisingly, are more
likely to be tennis fans.
The latter finding puzzled me at first, but then it came to
me that it must be due to the success and popularity of Venus and Serena
Williams.
Q: What are you working on now?
A: I just finished two hard years working on ASF and have no
other topics I’m eager to explore. If I could get some funding, I would
definitely consider preparing a second edition of ASF with fresh data from an
updated survey.
Because the sports world changes rapidly, some parts of the
book are already becoming a little dated (the lists of favorite teams),
although the REASONS why people become fans, and like certain sports and teams
best shouldn’t change much over time.
Q: Anything else we should know?
A: I’m glad you asked. America’s Sports Fans and Their Teams
is available at Amazon.com—both in paperback and e-book versions. The paperback
is also for sale at Politics & Prose bookstore on Connecticut Avenue in Washington,
D.C.
--Interview with Deborah Kalb
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